Frequently asked questions

In short, there are 2 major reasons: 1) the 4 challenges of cancer metastasis, cancer relapse, therapy resistance, immune attack escape are not effectively and reproducibly solved; 2) conventional therapies are off-target methods to the protective cytocapsular membrane enclosed integrated primary and secondary cytocapsular tumor network systems, and cannot effectively and reproducibly inhibit and eliminate cancer metastasis, cancer relapse, therapy resistance, immune attack escape.

Single oncocells with extracellular cytocapsulas or cytocapsular tubes are cytocapsular oncocells (COs). COs are cellular resources of aggressive tumors, tumor metastasis, tumor relapse, and immune therapy escape.

Normal cells transform into tumor cells without extracellular cytocapsulas or cytocapsular tubes, which are coined as acytocapsular oncocell (ACO; ”a-” means ”no”). ACOs can enter other COs’ CCs or CCTs and become CO. Some ACOs can independently generate CCs/CCTs, and some ACOs cannot independently engender their CCs/CCTs.

Cytocapsula (CC) and cytocapsular tube (CCT) are single cancer cell generated bi-lipid layer biomembranes located outside of cytoplasm membrane. CCs/CCTs are universally present in 390 types/subtypes) of solid cancer s and liquid cancers in immune organs.

The currently known CC/CCT of cancer cells have multiple biological functions: 

1. protect cancer cells and physically isolate the harsh external cellular microenvironment, 
2. have bidirectional selective molecular transport and passage functions, 
3. biological signal communication functions, 
4. The function of shielding the entry of biologically toxic molecules, 
5. The function of blocking the entry of most anticancer drug molecules, generally enhancing drug resistance, 
6. The shielding function of immune cells, to achieve the function of immune attack escape, 
7. CCT is a cancer cell A fully enclosed physical channel for rapid transfer of migration. The composition is: Electron microscopy analysis shows that the CC membrane is a phospholipid bilayer, 7-8 nanometers in thickness.

2D and conventional 3D cell culture conditions in vitro do not provide native cancer micro environments with necessary biochemical, biophysical, biomechanical signals that lead to cancer cell devolution for CC/CCT generation.

Use CC/CCT kit, follow the instructions in manuel, implant cancer cells onto the matrix layer in CC/CCT/kit. After some time (from 6h to 36h, depending on cancer cell type, cell status, cell density, cell culture media) implantation in CC/CCT culture kit matrix, cancer cells will generate CCs/CCTs.

cell culture container (dish or plate), extracted extracellular matrix from mouse carcinoma with necessary biochemical, biophysical, and biomechanical signals that lead to cancer cell devolution for CC/CCT generation.

The underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown by now.

Currently, all Celldevi products are produced after customer ordering, and the manufacturing need 3 months. After June, 2024, some Celldevi products will be standard products and do not need to wait for 3 months. We will update the product availability information in time.